The European Central Bank just published an article asking: “What does the record price of gold tell us about risk perceptions in financial markets?”
Since 2023, gold has hit multiple record prices, reaffirming its role as a safe haven asset. Unlike bonds or stocks, gold offers no income but provides two key advantages: zero default risk and inflation protection through its limited supply. The ECB found that gold consistently shields portfolios during three specific stress scenarios: geopolitical tensions, policy uncertainty, and extreme market volatility.
Central banks, especially from emerging economies, have substantially increased gold purchases over the last three years to protect against geopolitical risks and potential sanctions. During major crises such as 9/11, COVID-19, and Russia’s Ukraine invasion, gold prices typically rise in tandem with the US dollar while other assets fall sharply.
The ECB concludes that this pattern confirms gold’s status as a reliable safe haven during financial market stress or heightened geopolitical and policy uncertainty.