New York Federal Reserve President John Williams emphasized that central banks must act decisively when inflation moves off target.
Speaking with BOJ Deputy Governor Ryozo Himino, he underscored the importance of anchoring inflation expectations to avoid long-term inflation persistence.
Williams pointed out that while short-term shocks might not have lasting inflation effects, the uncertain impacts of supply disruptions and trade policies—especially U.S. tariffs—require careful monitoring.
He advised that central banks should prioritize avoiding costly mistakes rather than trying to perfect their responses.